Turkey is among the larger countries of the region in terms of territory and population, and its land area is greater than that of any European state.

Turkey makes up most of Asia, comprising the oblong peninsula of Asia Minor—also known as Anatolia (Anadolu)—and, in the east, part of a mountainous region sometimes known as the Armenian Highland. The remainder—Turkish Thrace (Trakya)—lies in the extreme southeastern part of Europe.